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Parotoid glands

Parotoid glands are the large toxin-secreting glands behind a toad's eyes (and on some salamanders) that ooze an irritating-to-toxic defence when the animal is threatened.

This is why toads can be dangerous to a dog that mouths them, and why you wash your hands after any contact and keep them away from your eyes. Cane toads and Colorado River toads have especially potent secretions.

It is a defence, not aggression — a calm, unbothered toad is not spraying toxin at you. Just handle minimally and hygienically.

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